I have set up dev environments from production installations of dnn before without issue but now have issue.
Steps taken with 4.8.2 version.

Microsoft Sql copy production version database and rename.
Go to portalAlias table and change all child portal strings to point to dev box.
Copy all files from Production version of dnn
Paste files in dev box directory
Change db name in appropriate places in web.config to new db name.
Launch site.

If I try to go to child portals (200+) DNN gets caught in an endless redirect loop and never opens child portal.  I can open the root and create a new child portal.  I can open the child portal without a problem.  I check the portalAlias table and the portal alias for the new child portal is the same as the portals that throw endless redirects.

If this has something to do with machine key info, please be specific as to how to correct.

Portal alias is correct as indicated by the following from the original post: " I can open the root and create a new child portal.  I can open the child portal without a problem.  I check the portalAlias table and the portal alias for the new child portal is the same as the portals that throw endless redirects."

Problem has existed for four days. so it is not a temporary problem