I think this may be related to the fact that the Survey module is using legacy sql connection settings.. Can you check your web.config and ensure that you have the sql connection string set correctly in both places?
The new version 04.00.85 that is going through the release process will fix this.
To try the install again (first ensure that you have the sql connection string set correctly in both places),
1. Remove (if they are there):
bin\DotNetNuke.Modules.Survey.dll
bin\DotNetNuke.Modules.Survey.SqlDataProvider.dll
2. Delete all files in the directory at : ..\DesktopModules\Survey
3. Delete all files in the directory at (but don't delete the directory): ..\App_code\Survey
4. Go to Host then SQL and paste theis script (make sure you have "Run as Script" checked:
drop procedure {databaseOwner}{objectQualifier}GetSurveys
GO
drop procedure {databaseOwner}{objectQualifier}GetSurvey
GO
drop procedure {databaseOwner}{objectQualifier}AddSurvey
GO
drop procedure {databaseOwner}{objectQualifier}UpdateSurvey
GO
drop procedure {databaseOwner}{objectQualifier}DeleteSurvey
GO
drop procedure {databaseOwner}{objectQualifier}GetSurveyOptions
GO
drop procedure {databaseOwner}{objectQualifier}AddSurveyOption
GO
drop procedure {databaseOwner}{objectQualifier}UpdateSurveyOption
GO
drop procedure {databaseOwner}{objectQualifier}DeleteSurveyOption
GO
drop procedure {databaseOwner}{objectQualifier}AddSurveyResult
GO
ALTER TABLE {databaseOwner}{objectQualifier}Surveys
DROP CONSTRAINT FK_{objectQualifier}Surveys_{objectQualifier}Modules
GO
ALTER TABLE {databaseOwner}{objectQualifier}SurveyOptions
DROP CONSTRAINT FK_{objectQualifier}SurveyOptions_{objectQualifier}Surveys
GO
ALTER TABLE {databaseOwner}{objectQualifier}SurveyOptions
DROP CONSTRAINT FK_{objectQualifier}SurveyResults_{objectQualifier}SurveyOptions
GO
DROP TABLE {databaseOwner}{objectQualifier}SurveyResults
GO
DROP TABLE {databaseOwner}{objectQualifier}SurveyOptions
GO
DROP TABLE {databaseOwner}{objectQualifier}Surveys
GO